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Tyre Ratings & Best Tyres for Road Use — With Real Vehicle Examples

1. Tyre Ratings: What to Look For These ratings appear on the tyre sidewall and help you judge quality, safety, and performance. Treadwear Rating This tells you how long a tyre is likely to last. The higher the number, the longer it should last. A treadwear of 400 means the tyre will last about 4 times longer than a baseline test tyre. Traction Rating This shows how well the tyre grips on wet roads. The grades are: AA (excellent), A (good), B (moderate), and C (poor). Temperature Rating This tells you how well the tyre resists heat. High heat resistance means the tyre won’t overheat and burst at high speeds. Grades: A (best), B, and C. Load Index This number shows how much weight one tyre can safely carry. You must match this to your vehicle's weight class. Speed Rating This tells you the maximum speed the tyre can handle safely. For example, H = 210 km/h, T = 190 km/h, etc. 2. Best Tyres for Personal Vehicles (By Model) a. Toyota Corolla / Honda Civic Recommended Tyre: Michelin Pr...
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Differential view.

 








Differential Operation

• The drive pinion drives the ring gear which is attached to the differential case

• When going straight ahead:

– The differential housing and its components rotate as an assembly

– Power is transferred equally to both wheels

• When turning a corner:

– The wheels must travel at different speeds to prevent tire scrubbing

– Differential pinion gears “walk” around slower side gear and cause other side gear to turn faster

– The percentage of speed that is removed from one wheel is given to the other

Differential Lubrication

• Hypoid gear types usually use 75W to 90W gear lube

• Limited‐slip differentials use a special fluid

• Some transaxles require ATF

• Some transaxles use a different lubricant for the transmission and the differential

 

Steps in Differential and Axle

Diagnosis

1. Talk to the customer to find out where and when the problem occurs

2. Road test the vehicle, listening and feeling for anything unusual

3. Inspect the vehicle

 

What to Do on a Road Test

• Try to operate the vehicle under the same conditions that the customer described

• Operate the vehicle under these conditions:

– Drive

– Coast

– Cruise

– Float

 


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